PERFINO ITALIAN HOW TO

With an implementation of the idea at:Ĭhurch, Kenneth Ward and Patrick Hanks. Statistical Natural Language Processing, MIT Press, Massachusetts, US, Pp.Ħ80. Manning & Hinrich Schuetze (1999) Foundations of

Here is a list of articles and links I was referred to. Measures, such as the z-score, what would be a sufficient differenceīetween two measures (the point of delicacy or resolution) to distinguish What I am wondering about is, if I use quantitative From some preliminary tests, however, they seem veryĬlose indeed.

Therefore it would (maybe?) be even be more surprising to have two I forgot to translate the two words I am interested in: Italian 'perfino'Īnd 'persino' = 'even' (as a focus particle). Mihalcea, Guy Aston, Stefan Schneider, Antoinette Renouf and Ramesh Thank you to Mark Turner, Viktor Pekar, Stefan Th. I received numerous helpful links and materials (see below for a Question about synonyms and the use of quantitative methods to analyze I would like to thank every person who took the time to answer my In reply to: Anna-Maria De Cesare: ' Synonyms'.Previous message: Evelyne Tzoukermann: ' Job opening'.Next message: Yuri Tambovtsev: ' I need texts in Tagalog, Indonesian, etc in electronic form'.We hope this has helped in understanding anche se and perfino.Corpora Jan 2003 to Mar 2003: Re: Synonyms Re: Synonyms From: Anna-Maria De Cesare ( Fri 16:35:01 MET DST Here next to me, there's a tree that is actuallyĬaption 20, Anna presenta - Villa Borghese Play Caption Qui accanto a me c'è un albero che ha addirittura You always look for the hair in the egg (you split hairs),Ĭaptions 29-31, Marika spiega - I segni dello Zodiaco Play CaptionĪ common synonym for perfino is addirittura. In the following example, Marika could have used anche (also, even) in place of perfino, but perfino gives a better idea of something pushed to its limit. This is perhaps because fu (was) starts with “F.”Ĭaption 46, Ti racconto una fiaba - Biancaneve Play Caption In the following example, persino was used.

You might be right!Įven if he paid me three hundred euros. You might very well be thinking perfino would have worked better than persino in the first example above, since the next word starts with an s. The above example, which uses both perfino and fino, sounds much clearer with persino. We don’t say fra fratelli because to Italian ears, the two F’s sound bad together, even though they both are equally correct in meaning. A good example is: tra fratelli (between or among brothers). When speaking properly, Italians try to avoid cacofonia (cacophony), which is what happens when there are too many instances of one particular consonant all together. Perfino and persino may be used interchangeably to mean “even” or “to the point of.” We choose one over the other for reasons of eufonia (euphony), that is, harmonious sound, in other words, because it sounds better. I could even work until midnight, but I would never finish. Potrei lavorare persino fino a mezzanotte, ma non finirei mai. The following examples give us an idea of the difference between fino and perfino. So we can think of perfino as meaning “ to the degree.” Sino is another way of saying fino (and in fact perfino also exists). The first part is per which means “for” or sometimes “to.” Persino is stronger, with more extreme limits, than anche se. In the above example, we could also use the other word our subscriber asked about: persino se. Remember that where we see se (if), there might be a verb in the subjunctive lurking nearby. See this lesson about the subjunctive and conditional.Īnche se mi pagasse cento euro, non gli farei quel lavoro.Įven if he paid me a hundred euros, I wouldn’t do the job for him. In the next example, we use anche s e to connect a subjunctive clause with a conditional one. In the following example, we use se (if) in Italian but it doesn’t make sense to use “if” in English, so we need “although,” or the more emphatic “even though.”ĭopo mezzogiorno, cominciamo a dire 'Buonasera',Īfter noon, we start saying 'good evening,'Īnche se, in realtà, non è proprio sera, è pomeriggio.Įven though, actually, it's not really evening it's the afternoon.Ĭaptions 19-20, Marika spiega - L'orologio Play Caption The individual words themselves are easy enough - anche means “also” or “even,” and se means “if” - but let’s see how these words fit into sentences, and more importantly, which contexts translate with which English equivalents. Let’s examine anche se (although, even if). These word combinations have to do with connecting two ideas in a sentence.

PERFINO ITALIAN HOW TO

A Yabla Italian subscriber has asked about how to use anche se (even if) and perfino se (even if).

Perfino italian